TREATY BETMEEN GREAT BRITAIN, FRANCE, AND
RUSSIA, FOR THE PACIFICATION OF GREECE. (LONDON) JULY 6, 1827
In the Name of the Most Holy and Undivided Trinity. His Majesty
the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, His
Majesty the King of France and Navarre, and His Majesty the Emperor
of All the Russias, penetrated with the necessity of putting an
end to the sanguinary struggle which, while it abandons the Greek
Provinces and the Islands of the Archipelago to all the disorders
of anarchy, daily causes fresh impediments to the commerce of the
States of Europe, and gives opportunity for acts of Piracy which
not only expose the subjects of the High Contracting Parties to
grievous losses, but also render necessary measures which are burthensome
for their observation and suppression;
His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, and His Majesty the King of France and Navarre, having
moreover received from the Greeks an earnest invitation to interpose
their Mediation with the Ottoman Porte; and, together with His Majesty
the Emperor of All the Russians, being animated with the desire
of putting a stop to the effusion of blood, and of preventing the
evils of every kind which the continuance of such a state of affairs
may produce;
They have resolved to combine their efforts, and to regulate the
operation thereof, by a formal Treaty, for the object of re-establishing
peace between the contending parties, by means of an arrangement
called for, no less by sentiments of humanity, thlan by interests
for the tranquillity of Europe.
For these purposes, they have named their Plenipotentiaries to
discuss, conclude, and sign the said Treaty, that is to say; His
Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Right Honourable John William Viscount Dudley, a Peer of the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, a Member of His said
Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, and his Principal Secretary
of State for Foreign Affairs; His Majesty the King of France and
Navarre, the Prince Jules, Count de Polignac, a Peer of Frlance,
Knight of the Orders of His Most Christian Majesty, Marechal-de-Camp
of his Forces, Grand Cross of the Order of St. Maurice of Sardinia,
&c., &c., and his Ambassador at London; And His Majesty
the Emperor of All the Russias, the Sieur Christopher Prince de
Lieven, General of Infantry of His Imperial Majesty's Forces, his
Aide-de-Camp General, his Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
to His Britannic Majesty, &c.; Who, after having communicated
to each other their Full Powers, found to be in due and proper form,
have agreed upon the following Articles:
Offer of Mediation.
ART. I. The Contracting Powers shall offer their Mediation to the
Ottoman Porte, with the view of effecting a reconciliation between
it and the Greeks. This offer of Mediation shall be made to that
Power immediately after the Ratification of the present Treaty,
by means of a joint Declaration, signed by Plenipotentiaries of
the Allied Courts at Constantinople; and, at the same time, a demand
for an immediate Armistice shall be made to the Two Contending Parties,
as a preliminary and indispensable condition to the opening of any
negotiation.
Bases of Arrangement.
ART. II. The Arrangement to be proposed to the Ottoman Porte shall
rest upon the following bases:
Greece to be a Dependency of Turkey and Pay Tribute.
Appointment of Greek Authorities.
The Greeks shall hold under the Sultan as under a Lord paramount;
and, in consequence thereof, they shall pay to the Ottoman Empire
an annual Tribute, the amount of which shall be fixed, once for
all, by common agreement. They shall be governed by authorities
whom they shall choose and appoint themselves, but in the nomination
of whom the Porte shall have a defined right.
Greeks to become Possessors of all Turkish Property
on Payment of Indemnity.
In order to effect a complete separation between the individuals
of the two nations, and to prevent the collisions which would be
the inevitable consequence of so protracted a struggle, the Greeks
shall become possessors of all Turkish Property situated either
upon the Continent, or in the Islands of Greece, on condition of
indemnifying the former proprietors, either by an annual sum to
be added to the tribute which they shall pay to the Porte, or by
some other arrangement of the same nature.
Details of Arrangement and Boundaries to be settled
by Negotiation.
ART. III. The Details of this Arrangement, as well as the Limits
of the Territory upon the Continent, and the designation of the
Islands of the Archipelago to which it shall be applicable, shall
be settled by a negotiation to be hereafter entered into between
the High Powers and the Two Contending Parties.
Pacification of Greece.
ART. IV. The Contracting Powers engage to pursue the salutarv work
of the Pacification of Greece, upon the bases laid down in the preceding
Articles. and to furnish, without the least delay, their Representatives
at Constantinople with all the Instructions which are required for
the execution of the Treaty which they now sign.
Equal Advantages to be Conferred on All Nations.
ART. V. The Contracting Powers will not seek, in these Arrangements,
any augmentation of territory, any exclusive influence, or any commercial
advantage for their subjects, which those of every other nation
may not equally obtain.
Guarantee of Three Powers.
ART. VI. The arrangements for reconciliation and Peace which shall
be definitively agreed upon between the Contending Parties, shall
be guaranteed by those of the Signing Powers who may judge it expedient
or possible to contract that obligation. The operation and the effects
of such Guarantee shall become ths subject of future stipulation
between the High Powers.
Ratifications.
ART. VII. The present Treaty shall be ratified, and the Ratifications
shall be exchanged in 2 months, or sooner if possible.
In witness whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed
the same, and have affixed thereto the Seals of their Arms. Done
at London, the 6th day of July, in the year of Our Lord, 1827.
(L. S.) DUDLEY.
(L. S.) LE PRINCE DE POLIGNAC.
(L. S.) LIEVEN.
ADDITIONAL ARTICLE
In case the Ottoman Porte should not, within the space of one month,
accept the Mediation which is to be proposed to it, the High Contracting
Parties agree upon the following measures:
Commercial Relations to be entered into with Greece in case
of Turkish Refusal of Mediation.
I. It shall be declared to the Porte, by their Representatives
at Constantinople, that the inconveniences and evils described in
the patent Treaty as inseparable from the state of things which
has, for six years, existed in the East, and the termination of
which, by the means at the command of the Sublime Ottoman Porte,
appears to be still distant, impose upon the High Contracting Parties
the necessity of taking immediate measures for forming a connection
with the Greeks.
It is understood that this shall be effected by establishing commercial
relations with the Greeks, and by sending to and receiving from
them, for this purpose, Consular Agents, provided there shall exist
in Greece authorities capable of supporting such relations.
Measures to be adopted by Allied Powers in case of Non-Observance
of Armistice.
II. If, within the said term of one month, the Porte does not accept
the Armistice proposed in Article I of the patent Treaty, or if
the Greeks refuse to carry it into execution, the High Contracting
Powers shall declare to either of the Contending Parties which may
be disposed to continue hostilities, or to both of them, if necessary,
that the said High Powers intend to exert all the means which circumstances
may suggest to their prudence, for the purpose of obtaining the
immediate effects of the Armistice of which they desire the execution,
by preventing, as far as possible, all collision between the Contending
Parties; and in consequence, immediately after the above-mentioned
declaration, the High Powers will, jointly, exert all their efforts
to accomplish the object of such Armistice, without, however, taking
any part in the hostilities between the Two Contending Parties.
Immediately after the signature of the present Additional Article,
the High Contracting Powers will, consequently, transmit to the
Admirals commanding their respective squadrons in the Levant, conditional
Instructions in conformity to the arrangements above declared.
Measures to be adopted in case of Refusal of Ottoman
Porte.
III. Finally, if, contary to all expectation, these measures do
not prove sufficient to produce the adoption of the propositions
of the High Contracting Parties by the Ottoman Porte; or if, on
the other hand, the Greeks decline the conditions stipulated in
their favour, by the Treaty of this date, the High Contracting Powers
will, nevertheless, continue to pursue the work of pacification,
on the bases upon which they have agreed; and, in consequence, they
authorize, from the present moment, their Representatives at London,
to discuss and determine the future measures which it may become
necessary to employ.
The present Additional Article shall have the same force and validity
as if it were inserted, word for word, in the Treaty of this day.
It shall be ratified, and the Ratifications shall be exchanged at
the same time is those of the said Treaty.
In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed
the same, and have affixed thereto the Seals of their Arms.
Done at London, the 6th day of July, in the year of Our Lord, 1827.
(L. S.) DUDLEY.
(L. S.) LE PRINCE DE POLIGNAC.
(L. S.) LIEVEN.
